Scientists say a large number of plants, birds, animals and insects cease to exist in the land of 1 000 times faster than the natural level. Mainly this means that every day is dying from 10 to 130 species of animals and plants.
In the report, which was officially published in 2010, the Commission responsible for biodiversity UNO, indicates the readers attention to the terrible changes that have occurred in the wild – natural habitat of all animals. The authors of this message compared to the situation that occurs currently, and the process of extinction of dinosaurs that occurred 65 million years ago.
Currently, about 40% of all animals exposed to serious danger and eventually die out. If the rate of disappearance of animals will continue to persist or even exceed its target, then the number of extinct species of animals in the next decade will be measured in whole millions. Of course, such a statement is a good reason that others have thought, because the extinction of every species of living organisms irrevocably leads to large environmental problems around the world, introducing in a bad position the entire territory of the Earth.
Species subject to extinction on the territory of Russia
Here is a ranking of endangered animals which are most susceptible to this issue, as the complete extinction. The person will be very difficult to imagine the wild without their existence.
This animal is very vulnerable to this problem. By results of calculation of the Fund Australia under natural conditions, a population of only about 100,000 koalas.
These animals were susceptible to attacks from the hunters until the beginning of XX century, when the species suddenly began to be on the verge of extinction. Millions of pieces of skins of this animal were sold throughout Europe and the USA.
Most big-game hunting was conducted on koalas in Winslade in 1915, 1916 and in 1919. At that time with arms, hinges, and different chemicals have destroyed more than one million animals. This large-scale event caused a great discontent among the population and became the first problem with the environment, which is firmly United the population of Australia.
But, notwithstanding the movement to protect the stake, famine and widespread poverty that have occurred in this country as a result of droughts in 1926-1928 year led to another large-scale hunting to murder. Within one month after the opening of the hunting season in August 1927 died the number of koalas, equal to 600 000.
In our days the main threat to the marsupial bears are: the urbanization of the population, the degradation of the place of residence of animals, common felling of eucalyptus is the main food source of koalas, traffic accidents, attacks by dogs. Recently, a small group of animals greatly suffered from the infection of diseases, especially chlamydia. Chlamydia, spread from koalas are relatively different from the human. In animals, chlamydia leads to complete loss of vision, and infertility. World assessments have shown that about 50% of koalas have already been infected with chlamydia and retrovirus, which strongly affects the body of the animal and weaken it.
- Chimpanzee.
For 20-30 years, you notice a large decline in the number of people living on earth chimpanzees. Unfortunately, the future projections were also not particularly happy. The main reasons for the reduction of populations of chimpanzees is the destruction and degradation of their habitat (large-scale timber harvesting and podavno-fire farming), management of poaching for meat of animal, and the illegal trade in babies.
In addition to these dangers there is a problem with the infection of animals diseases. So, due to the fact that chimpanzees are susceptible to human diseases, and, in connection with numerous monkeys communicate with people, there is a growth possible disease of animals.
- The Amur tiger.
In the 30s years of the last century, the number of Amur tigers reached the mark of 50 individuals, and according to some? just to 30. Gradual and leisurely action for the conservation and renewal of the populations of these felids has led to the fact that in 1980 it was possible to count almost 200 units of the Amur tiger.
The main reason for the extinction of species was increased hunting and poaching. So, the bone of this animal in the Chinese illicit market was comparable with gold, and his skin was a good reward.
In the late 1980s, the demand for the bone of the beast grew considerably, so at this time, groups of poachers much destroyed a number of individuals. So, only by 1993 were again renewed the laws for conservation of Amur tigers, and by 1996, the tiger population went up to around 430 units.
To date, research results report that in natural conditions freely is home to about 431-529 units of Amur tigers.
As for animals, located above, is now the main threats to tigers are considered as forest fires, large-scale felling of trees, which deprive the beast of his preferred place of residence.
African elephant
In the last century the number of populations of African elephant inexorably crept down. Poaching animal hunting for its ivory moved to monstrous proportions. For the 10 yearsthat preceded the international ban on trade in elephant bone, the number of elephants of African origin has fallen in twice. Thus, in 1970, lived on the earth about 400 000 individuals, but by 2006, the elephants could count only 10 000.
Kenya has become one of the countries where African elephants breed was almost completely destroyed. Between 1973 and 1989, the number of individuals of African elephants has fallen by 85%. In countries such as Gambia, Mauritania, Swaziland and Burundi elephants permanently.
Now African elephants have the protection of the government, and in some areas of the planet, in the last period of time, it is possible to notice the growth of species of elephants 4%. But with all this poaching continues to exist and gain momentum. So, in 2012, was noticeable the greatest surge of production and illegal trade in elephant bones.
Galapagos sea lion
The Galapagos sea lion is a species of sea lions, which live only on the territory of the Galapagos Islands and in small numbers on Isla de La Plata in Ecuador.
The number of individuals in 1978 was equal to about 40 000, now the population of these animals has decreased by 50% of the total.
The main threat factors to the reduction of sea lions can be called – the tendency to the extinction and reduction of reproduction in the period of El niño (in other words it is the temperature variation of the upper layer water in the Equatorial region of the Pacific ocean, which produces a significant effect on the overall climate), attacks by various predators, and diseases that can occur from contact with wild dogs.
Cheetah
In ancient times the Cheetah can be easily found throughout Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia. At the moment they live only in Africa South of the Sahara and in Asia, where a small group of cheetahs, on the verge of extinction.
A large number of representatives of cheetahs is not located in protected areas, leading to discontent on the part of farmers. Due to the small area of residence, cheetahs are able to interfere with living near peopleand also to hunt for the household. The local population considers them as dangerous animals and engaged in an unceasing conflict. In addition, animal skin is still a specific value for poachers and hunters. All of these factors can lead to the extinction and disappearance of this species over the last 20 years the number of felines has decreased by 30%.
The main causes of extinction of some species of animals
The loss of usual place of residence is the main cause of extinction of animals. In any case, the main culprit of these processes is the man himself, it’s what’s happening: tree felling, work associated with mining, environmental pollution, excessive development of agriculture, increasing urbanization of the population. Also another factor bad effects on animal life, on the verge, is considered a change of climatic indicators.
- Global warming.
The overall temperature on earth over the past 100 years has increased dramatically to 17 degrees Celsius. So, the last 50 years for the increase in global temperature is directly responsible population itself, because human activity can cause the greenhouse effect.
Scientists predict that over the next 100 years in Europe the climate is the most fickle winter will be much wetter and summers drier.
Over the past 25 years in the Arctic dramatically eased the number of glaciers 7%, and the thickness of ice decreased by 40%, which poses a serious threat to polar bears.
Because of the development of global warming in the spring season the ice breaks off from shore and goes so fast and far that the bears simply do not have time to move onto another piece of ice. Ultimately the bears are cut off from the source of their food – seals and go to the free swimming to populated areas of the Arctic.
Global warming can completely destroy polar bears living in areas of Russia. Over the years, the bears are late in coming to the coast – the warm climate prevents the formation of ice on the territory of Chukotka.
From polar bears marked decline of vitality and stopping the natural instincts of reproduction. Biologists believe that this is due to the process of early snowmelt.
- The development of hunting and poaching.
Illegal hunting and trade in meat of wild animals most dangerous to forest elephants, gorillas, and monkeys. Due to the effects of war and famine in African countries, people’s life is in direct proportion to the meat of wild animals. In some parts of Africa, trade in meat products has become a kind of business. Fresh meat can carry not only close to the city, but also on the territory of other countries where it is illegal selling.
- The construction of roads and motorways.
Every year on motorways killed a large number of wild species of animals. According on the United States on the road to kill more than 130 million individuals of wild animals.
Plants that can permanently disappear
Behind the most rare animals are numerous species of plants.
- Arizona Agave. In 1984, this plant was about 100 units. But Arizona Agave has managed to overcome the threshold reduce their instances. And although our time has preserved only two species of this plant, they are both in the Arizona territory in the National Forest of Tongo. Also this plant is considered a mountain. It can be found in the Sierra Ankas new river.
- Onrubia. At the time, 1992, Arrobio was only 150 units. The Bush has adapted to grow in Puerto Rico, has sharp spines, which protect him from falling. This plant is on the verge of extinction, as grazing there is a sharp reduction of this shrub.
- Akalifa. Akalifa singisi is a very old representative of a tiny region of the Galapagos Islands. The main factors of the sharp decline instances are continuous construction work, and loss of indigenous habitat. According to the charitable Foundation of Britain, this plant species need conservation and protection.
- Rafflesia. Rafflesia Arnoldi occupies the site of the largest flower on Earth. A flower in your defined structure does not have leaves, roots or stem. But it has a sharp smell of decaying flesh, from this fact comes the name of the plants – flower-corpse. The flower dimensions are introduced into a stupor of any person: diameter 3 feet, and weighs about 11 pounds. The rafflesia refers to the colors of the parasites, it grows in the forest of Borneo and Sumatra, and in the vine Tetrastigma.
